The central molecular gas structure in LINERs with low luminosity AGN: evidence for gradual disappearance of the torus

We present observations of the molecular gas in the nuclear environment of three prototypical low luminosity AGN (LLAGN), based on VLT/SINFONI AO-assisted integral-field spectroscopy of H2 1-0 S(1) emission at angular resolutions of ~0.17". On scales of 50-150 pc the spatial distribution and kinematics of the molecular gas are consistent with a rotating thin disk, where the ratio of rotation (V) to dispersion (sigma) exceeds unity. However, in the central 50 pc, the observations reveal a geometrically and optically thick structure of molecular gas (V/sigma10^{23} cm^{-2}) that is likely to be associated with the outer extent of any smaller scale obscuring structure. In contrast to Seyfert galaxies, the molecular gas in LLAGN has a V/sigma<1 over an area that is ~9 times smaller and column densities that are in average ~3 times smaller. We interpret these results as evidence for a gradual disappearance of the nuclear obscuring structure. While a disk wind may not be able to maintain a thick rotating structure at these luminosities, inflow of material into the nuclear region could provide sufficient energy to sustain it. In this context, LLAGN may represent the final phase of accretion in current theories of torus evolution. While the inflow rate is considerable during the Seyfert phase, it is slowly decreasing, and the collisional disk is gradually transitioning to become geometrically thin. Furthermore, the nuclear region of these LLAGN is dominated by intermediate-age/old stellar populations (with little or no on-going star formation), consistent with a late stage of evolution.Comment: 15 pages, including 4 figures and 1 table, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

VLT diffraction-limited imaging at 11 and 18 micron of the nearest active galactic nuclei

Mid-infrared imaging at resolutions of 300 mas of the central kpc region of 13 nearby, well-known active galaxies is presented. The bulk of the mid-IR emission is concentrated on an unresolved central source within a size of less than 5 to 130 pc, depending on the object distance. Further resolved emission is detected in 70% of the sample in the form of circumnuclear star-forming rings or diffuse nuclear extended emission. In the three cases with circumnuclear star formation, the stellar contribution is at least as important as that of the AGN. In those with extended nuclear emission -- a third of the sample -- this emission represents a few per cent of the total measured; however, this contribution may be underestimated because of the chopped nature of these observations. This extended emission is generally collimated in a preferential direction often coinciding with that of the extended ionized gas or the jet. In all cases, the nuclear fluxes measured at 11.8 and 18.7 micron represent a minor contribution of the flux levels measured by large aperture IRAS data at the nearest energy bands of 12 and 25 micron. This contribution ranges from 30% to less than 10%. In only three cases do the AGN fluxes agree with IRAS to within a factor of 2. In the AGNs with strong circumnuclear star formation, this component can well account for most of the IRAS flux measured in these objects. But in all other cases, either a low surface brightness component extending over galactic scales or strong extra-nuclear IR sources -- e.g. HII regions in spiral arms -- have to be the main source of the IRAS emission. In either case, the contribution of these components dwarfs that of the AGN at mid-IR wavelengths.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA

El seguimiento de Cristo desde el Concilio Vaticano II hasta Veritatis splendor

La Teología Moral experimenta durante el siglo XX un aliento de renovación influenciado por los movimientos litúrgico, bíblico, teológico y filosófico. La estructuración cristocéntrica de la moral surge como camino para aunar la dimensión especulativa y la dimensión práctica de la moral. Sobresale en los autores de este siglo la inspiración bíblica y la esmerada búsqueda de un principio sobre el que fundamentar la vida moral. Es F. Tillmann, el que trae a primer plano el ideal de «seguimiento de Cristo» como configurador de la moral cristiana. El Concilio Vaticano II impulsa la disciplina de la Teología Moral invitándola a nutrirse de la Palabra de Dios y exhorta a los fieles al seguimientoimitación de Cristo. Es la encíclica Veritatis splendor, la que supone un antes y un después, poniendo de manifiesto que la moral cristiana no se reduce a un código de obligaciones, sino que consiste fundamentalmente en el seguimiento y adhesión, por el Espíritu Santo, a la persona misma del Hijo de Dios en su entrega de amor a Dios y a los hombres. Muestra la originalidad de la propuesta moral cristiana, su capacidad para iluminar el camino moral del hombre y resolver las cuestiones complejas que se plantean a lo largo de la historia. A partir de aquí, la moral se revelará como el actuar «filializado» para la gloria del Padre y el amor como experiencia fundante, donde el cristiano asume la forma interior de Cristo, participando de su sentir y vivir por el Espíritu.

Near IR diffraction-limited integral-field SINFONI spectroscopy of the Circinus galaxy

Using the adaptive optics assisted near infrared integral field spectrometer SINFONI on the VLT, we have obtained observations of the Circinus galaxy on parsec scales. The morphologies of the H_2(1-0)S(1) 2.12um and Br_gamma 2.17um emission lines are only slightly different, but their velocity maps are similar and show a gradient along the major axis of the galaxy, consistent with rotation.Since V_rot/sigma is approximately 1 suggests that random motions are also important, it is likely that the lines arise in a rotating spheroid or thickened disk around the AGN. Comparing the Br_gamma flux to the stellar continuum indicates that the star formation in this region began almost 10^8 yr ago. We also detect the [SiVI] 1.96um,[AlIX] 2.04um and [CaVIII] 2.32um coronal lines. In all cases we observe a broad blue wing, indicating the presence of two or more components in the coronal line region. A correlation between the ionisation potential and the asymmetry of the profiles was found for these high excitation species.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to the Proceedings of the IFS Workshop, Jul 4-8 2005, Durham, Englan

Etiopathogenesis of ovarian cancer. An inflamm-aging entity?

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers and has the highest mortality rate. The risk/protective factors of ovarian cancer suggest that its etiology is multifactorial. Several factors are involved in age-related increases in carcinogenesis, including the accumulation of senescent cells, inflammaging (a chronic inflammatory state that persists in the elderly), and immunosenescence (aging of the immune system) changes associated with poor immune surveillance. At sites of inflammation, exposure to high levels of inflammatory mediators, such as reactive oxygen species, cytokines, prostaglandins, and growth factors, contributes to increased cell division and genetic and epigenetic changes. These exposure-induced changes promote excessive cell proliferation, increased survival, malignant transformation, and cancer development. Furthermore, the proinflammatory tumor microenvironment contributes to ovarian cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. This narrative review of the literature was carried out to delineate the possible role of inflammaging in the etiopathogenesis of ovarian cancer development. We discuss the current carcinogenic hypotheses, sites of origin, and etiological factors of ovarian cancer. Treatment of inflammation may represent an attractive strategy for both the prevention and therapy of ovarian cancer. © 2022 The Author(s

The elimination of an adult segment by the Hox gene Abdominal-B

Hox gene activity leads to morphological diversity of organs or structures in different species. One special case of Hox function is the elimination of a particular structure. The Abdominal-B Hox gene of Drosophila melanogaster provides an example of such activity, as this gene suppresses the formation of the seventh abdominal segment in the adult. This elimination occurs only in males, and is characteristic of more advanced Diptera. The elimination requires the differential expression or activity of genes that are downstream Abdominal-B, or that work togetherwith it, andwhich regulate cell proliferation or cell extrusion. Here,we reviewthe mechanisms responsible for such elimination and provide some new data on processes taking place within this segment. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (BFU2008-00632 and BFU2011-26075), the Consolider Program (CSD2007-0008) and an Institutional Grant from the Ramon Areces FoundationPeer Reviewe

Fístula arteriovenosa postraumática: tratamiento endovascular. Revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso clínico

ResumenLas fístulas arteriovenosas en la cabeza y el cuello son entidades poco frecuentes. La mayoría es secundaria a heridas penetrantes por arma blanca. Se describe el tratamiento exitoso mediante cirugía endovascular de una fístula postraumática tras una herida penetrante entre la arteria maxilar interna izquierda y la vena yugular externa. A través de este caso clínico y la revisión de la literatura se ilustran las causas, manifestaciones, estudio radiológico y tratamiento de una fístula postraumática entre la arteria maxilar interna y la vena yugular externa. A través de este caso clínico se demuestra la utilidad de los procedimientos endovasculares en el tratamiento de estas complicaciones.AbstractTraumatic arteriovenous fistulas of the head and neck region are uncommon. The majority are due to penetration of blunt injury. We describe a successful endovascular treatment of a posttraumatic fistula between the left maxillary artery and the external jugular vein due to a penetration injury. This case and a review of the literature illustrate the causes, manifestations, image studies and treatment for a posttraumatic fistula between the maxillary artery and the external jugular vein. This case demonstrate the utility of endovascular treatment of head and neck injuries complications

In Candida parapsilosis the ATC1 gene encodes for an acid trehalase involved in trehalose hydrolysis, stress resistance and virulence

An ORF named CPAR2-208980 on contig 005809 was identified by screening a Candida parapsilosis genome data base. Its 67% identity with the acid trehalase sequence from C. albicans (ATC1) led us to designate it CpATC1. Homozygous mutants that lack acid trehalase activity were constructed by gene disruption at the two CpATC1 chromosomal alleles. Phenotypic characterization showed that atc1Δ null cells were unable to grow on exogenous trehalose as carbon source, and also displayed higher resistance to environmental challenges, such as saline exposure (1.2 M NaCl), heat shock (42°C) and both mild and severe oxidative stress (5 and 50 mM H2O2). Significant amounts of intracellular trehalose were specifically stored in response to the thermal upshift in both wild type and mutant strains. Analysis of their antioxidant activities revealed that catalase was only triggered in response to heat shock in atc1Δ cells, whereas glutathione reductase was activated upon mild oxidative stress in wild type and reintegrant strains, and in response to the whole set of stress treatments in the homozygous mutant. Furthermore, yeast cells with double CpATC1 deletion were significantly attenuated in non-mammalian infection models, suggesting that CpATC1 is required for the pathobiology of the fungus. Our results demonstrate the involvement of CpAtc1 protein in the physiological hydrolysis of external trehalose in C. parapsilosis, where it also plays a major role in stress resistance and virulence

La materialización de los estilos de vida ecoresponsables

With the rise and evolution of mass media during the last decades of the s. XX and early s. XXI, a default image imposition has been carried out by the fashion industry for different social roles through these media. It has thus imposed a subtraction of the individual identity of fashion consumers to create multiple series of identities. Identity discourses are predefined by the fashion industry despite its wide variety and different configuration. Thanks to the multiple fashion trends, the consumer can compose his own aesthetic identity using clothing from different design trends, thus composing his own image, but always under the yoke of the trends created and predetermined by the fashion industry. Conscious and responsible consumption, defended by slow fashion phenomena, seems to be a consumer response to the precepts of the fashion industry.Con el auge y la evolución de los medios de comunicación de masas durante las últimas décadas del s. XX y principios del s. XXI, se ha llevado a cabo por parte de la industria de la moda una imposición imágenes predeterminadas para distintos roles sociales a través de estos medios. Ha impuesto así una sustracción de la identidad individual de los consumidores de moda para crear múltiples series de identidades. Los discursos identitarios están predefinidos por la industria de la moda a pesar de su amplia variedad y diferente configuración. Gracias a las múltiples tendencias de moda, el consumidor puede componer su propia identidad estética utilizando vestimenta de diferentes corrientes de diseño, componiendo así su propia imagen, pero siempre bajo el yugo de las tendencias creadas y predeterminadas por la industria de la moda. Un consumo consciente y responsable, defendido por los fenómenos slow fashion, parece ser una respuesta del consumidor frente a los preceptos de la industria de la moda.Com a ascensão e evolução dos meios de comunicação de massa durante as últimas décadas do s. XX e início de s. XXI, vem sendo realizada pela indústria da moda uma imposição de imagens predeterminadas para diferentes papéis sociais por meio desses meios. Impôs, assim, uma subtração da identidade individual dos consumidores de moda para criar múltiplas séries de identidades. Os discursos identitários são predefinidos pela indústria da moda, apesar de sua grande variedade e configuração diferente. Graças às múltiplas tendências da moda, o consumidor pode compor sua própria identidade estética usando roupas de diferentes tendências de design, compondo assim sua própria imagem, mas sempre sob o jugo das tendências criadas e predeterminadas pela indústria da moda. O consumo consciente e responsável, defendido pelos fenômenos slow fashion, parece ser uma resposta do consumidor aos preceitos da indústria da moda

Avaliação da Lista de Controle de Regulação da Emoção para Crianças e Adolescentes

Emotion regulation during childhood and adolescence has implications in different areas, both in these stages and in adult life. The objective of this article was to evaluate an emotional regulation test, Emotional Regulation Checklist (ERC), using CET-R as a frame of reference. We analyzed 71 articles that used the ERC for the evaluation of emotional regulation. The information was sorted according to test description, reliability and validity. All reliability results were shown using the Cronbach alpha coefficient. In relation to validity the average of the ERC correlations with the criteria was adequate but with some shortcomings. It is advisable to conduct research using advanced psychometric models.Durante la infancia y la adolescencia la regulación de las emociones tiene repercusiones en diferentes ámbitos, tanto en estas etapas como en la vida adulta. El objetivo de este artículo fue evaluar un test de regulación emocional, Emotional Regulation Checklist (ERC), utilizando el CET-R como marco de referencia. Se analizaron 71 artículos que emplearon el ERC para la evaluación de la regulación emocional. La información se clasificó teniendo en cuenta la descripción del test, su fiabilidad y validez. Todos los resultados de fiabilidad se mostraron mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. En relación a la validez, fue adecuado el promedio de las correlaciones del ERC con sus criterios, pero con algunas carencias. Es recomendable plantear investigaciones con modelos psicométricos avanzados.A regulação das emoções na infância e adolescência tem implicações em diferentes áreas, tanto nestas fases como na vida adulta. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar um teste de regulação emocional, Emotional Regulation Checklist (ERC), usando o CET-R como marco de referência. Foram analisados 71 artigos que utilizaram o ERC para a avaliação da regulação emocional. A informação foi classificada de acordo com a descrição do teste, confiabilidade e validade. Todos os resultados de confiabilidade foram mostrados usando o coeficiente alfa Cronbach. Em relação à validade, a média das correlações do ERC com os critérios foi adequada, mas com algumas falhas. É aconselhável a realização de pesquisas utilizando modelos psicométricos avançados